Power Plant Engineering MCQ Mechanical Engineering Pdf Download
1. Reactors for propulsion applications use
A. Natural uranium
B. Molten lead
C. Any form of uranium
D. Thorium
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Molten lead can be used as the primary coolant because lead and bismuth have low neutron absorption and relatively low melting points.
Neutrons are slowed less by interaction with these heavy nuclei and therefore help make this type of reactor a fast-neutron reactor.
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2. Reactors designed for propulsion applications are designed for
A. Natural uranium
B. Enriched uranium
C. Pure uranium
D. Any type of uranium
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Reactors designed for propulsion applications are designed for Enriched uranium
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3. Reactors for propulsion applications are designed for
A. Any form of uranium
B. Natural uranium
C. Enriched uranium
D. Plutonium
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Reactors designed for propulsion applications are designed for Enriched uranium
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4. The size of the reactor is said to be critical when
A. Chain reaction can be initiated
B. It becomes uncontrollable
C. It explodes
D. It produces no power
Answer: Option A
Solution:
When the atom-splitting reactor of a nuclear power plant is operating normally, it is said to be “critical” or in a state of “criticality.”
Criticality means that a reactor is controlling a sustained fission chain reaction, where each fission event releases a sufficient number of neutrons to maintain an ongoing series of reactions. This is the normal state of nuclear power generation.
5. Which of the following statement is correct regarding the features of a Breeder reactor?
A. It produces more fuel than it consumes
B. It requires highly enriched fuel
C. It requires liquid sodium metal as moderator
D. All of the above
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that produces more fissionable material than it consumes to generate
energy.
This special type of reactor is designed to extend the nuclear fuel supply for electric power generation.
It produces more fuel than it consumes
It requires highly enriched fuel
It requires liquid sodium metal as moderator
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6. In fast breeder reactors
A. Any type of moderator can be used
B. Graphite is used as the moderator
C. Heavy water is used as the moderator
D. Moderator is dispensed with
Answer: Option D
Solution:
A fast-breeder nuclear reactor produces more fuel than it consumes, while generating energy.
Conventional reactors use uranium as fuel and produce some plutonium.
Breeders produce much more plutonium, which can be separated and reused as fuel
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7. Pick up the wrong statement fast breeder reactors
A. Operate at extremely high power densities
B. Are liquid metal cooled
C. Produce more fuel than they consume
D. Use water as coolant
Answer: Option D
Solution:
fast breeder reactors are Operate at extremely high power densities and liquid metal cooled and it Produce more fuel than they consume
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8. In a thermal power plant, coal from the coal handling plant is moved to the boiler bunker through a
A. Belt conveyor
B. Bucket conveyor
C. Fork lift truck
D. Overhead crane
Answer: Option A
Solution:
In a thermal power plant, coal from the coal handling plant is moved to the boiler bunker through a Belt conveyor
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9. A fission chain reaction in uranium can be developed
A. By increasing the contents of U235
B. By slowing down fast neutrons so that U235 fission continues by slow neutron
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. None of these
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Nuclear chain reactions are series of nuclear fissions (splitting of atomic nuclei), each initiated by a neutron produced in a preceding fission.
A fission chain reaction in uranium can be developed by increasing the contents of U235 and by slowing down fast neutrons so that U235 fission continues by slow neutron.
10. The efficiency of a nuclear power plant in comparison to conventional and nuclear consideration is
A. Higher cost of nuclear fuel
B. High initial cost
C. High heat rejection in condenser
D. Lower temperature and pressure conditions
Answer: Option D
Solution:
The efficiency of a nuclear power plant in comparison to conventional and nuclear consideration is lower
temperature and pressure conditions.
Typical nuclear power plants achieve efficiencies around 33 - 37%, comparable to fossil fueled power plants.
Higher temperature nuclear reactors could potentially reach above 45% efficiency.
11. The most practical fuel for a thermonuclear reactor, both from economical and nuclear consideration is
A. Plutonium
B. Uranium
C. Deuterium
D. Thorium
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Most commercial nuclear reactors use normal water (also called light water) as a neutron moderator.
Some reactor designs, such as the CANDU reactor, use heavy water.
A heavy water molecule contains deuterium (Hydrogen-2), which is an isotope of hydrogen that has a neutron in its nucleus in addition to the proton.
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12. In nuclear fission each neutron that causes fission releases
A. No new neutron
B. At least one new neutron
C. One new neutron
D. More than one new neutron
Answer: Option D
Solution:
A schematic nuclear fission chain reaction. 1. A uranium-235 atom absorbs a neutron and fissions into two new
atoms (fission fragments), releasing three new neutrons and some binding energy
Power Plant Engineering mcq solution image
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13. The commonly used material for shielding is
A. Lead or concrete
B. Lead and tin
C. Graphite or cadmium
D. Thick galvanized sheets
Answer: Option A
Solution:
When the reactor is in operation, a large amount of radioactivity is generated.
The materials used to build this shield are concrete, water and lead.
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14. The material most commonly used for shielding is
A. Carbon
B. Lead
C. Concrete
D. All of these
Answer: Option C
Solution:
When the reactor is in operation, a large amount of radioactivity is generated.
The materials used to build this shield are concrete, water and lead.
15. Which of the following is the heaviest?
A. Neutron
B. Proton
C. Atom
D. Electron
Answer: Option C
Solution:
An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.
Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms.
Atoms are extremely small; typical sizes are around 100 picometers
16. Which of the following particles is the lightest?
A. Nucleus
B. Electron
C. Proton
D. Meson
Answer: Option B
Solution:
An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle.
It can be either free or bound to the nucleus of an atom.
The invariant mass of an electron is approximately 9.109×10−31 kilograms,
17. A moderator, in nuclear power plants, is a medium introduced into the fuel mass in order to
A. Slow down the speed of fast moving neutrons
B. Control the reaction
C. Reduce the temperature
D. Extracts heat from nuclear reaction
Answer: Option A
Solution:
A moderator, in nuclear power plants, is a medium introduced into the fuel mass in order to slow down the speed of fast moving neutrons.
The moderator, which is of importance in thermal reactors, is used to moderate, that is, to slow down, neutrons from fission to thermal energies.
Commonly used moderators include regular water, solid graphite and heavy water.
18. Reflector in nuclear power plants _________ neutron leakage.
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Have no effect on
D. None of these
Answer: Option B
Solution:
A reflector is a region of unfueled material surrounding the core.
Its function is to scatter neutrons that leak from the core, thereby returning some of them back into the core.
Reflector in nuclear power plants decreases neutron leakage.
19. The unit of radioactivity is
A. Electron volt
B. Electron ampere
C. Curie
D. MV
Answer: Option C
20. One gram of uranium will produce energy equivalent to approximately
A. 1 tonne of high grade coal
B. 4.5 tonnes of high grade coal
C. 10 tonnes of high grade coal
D. 100 tonnes of high grade coal
Answer: Option B
Solution:
One gram of uranium will produce energy equivalent to approximately 4.5 tonnes of high grade coal
21. The coolant used in boiling water reactor is
A. CO2
B. Pressurised water
C. Mixture of water and steam
D. Liquid metal
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A boiling water reactor (BWR) uses demineralized water as a coolant and neutron moderator.
Heat is produced by nuclear fission in the reactor core, and this causes the cooling water to boil, producing
steam.
22. A moderator
A. Absorbs neutrons
B. Does not absorb neutrons
C. Accelerates neutrons
D. None of these
Answer: Option B
Solution:
The moderator, which is of importance in thermal reactors, is used to moderate, that is, to slow down, neutrons
from fission to thermal energies.
Commonly used moderators include regular water , solid graphite and heavy water
23. Pressurized water reactor is designed
A. For boiling pi water in the core
B. To use liquid sodium metal as coolant
C. To use intermediate coolant
D. To prevent the water coolant from boiling in the core
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Pressurized water reactor is designed To prevent the water coolant from boiling in the core
Pressurized water reactor is a nuclear reactor in which the fuel is uranium oxide clad in zircaloy and the coolant
and moderator is water at high pressure so that it does not boil at the operating temperature of the reactor.
24. The efficiency of a nuclear power plant in comparison to a conventional
thermal power plant is
A. Same
B. More
C. Less
D. May be less or mote depending on size
Answer: Option C
Solution:
The efficiency of a nuclear power plant in comparison to a conventional thermal power plant is less.
Typical nuclear power plants achieve efficiencies around 33 - 37%, comparable to fossil fueled power plants.
Higher temperature nuclear reactors could potentially reach above 45% efficiency.
25. Effective moderators are those materials which contain
A. Light weight atoms
B. Heavy weight atoms
C. Critical atoms
D. Zero weight atoms
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Moderators are made from materials with light nuclei which do not absorb the neutrons but rather slow them down by a series of collisions.
Carbon in the form of graphite is a material used for moderators as is heavy water which is Deuterium an isotope of Hydrogen with an atomic mass of 2 bonded to Oxygen.
26. Isotopes of same elements have
A. Same atomic number and different masses
B. Same chemical properties but different atomic numbers
C. Different masses and different atomic numbers
D. Different chemical properties and same atomic numbers
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Isotopes of same elements have Same chemical properties but different atomic numbers
27. Boiling water reactor uses the following as moderator, coolant and working fluid
A. Ordinary fluid
B. Heavy water
C. Molten lead
D. Hydrogen gas
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Boiling water reactor uses the following as moderator, coolant and working fluid and Ordinary fluid
28. Gas cooled reactor uses following materials as moderator and coolant
A. Graphite, CO2
B. Graphite, air
C. Heavy water, CO2
D. Lead, H2
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Gas cooled reactor uses following materials as moderator and coolant Graphite, CO2 .
Answer & Solution
29. Amongst the following, the fissionable materials are
A. U233 and Pu229
B. U231 and Pu233
C. U235 and Pu235
D. U238 and Pu239
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Amongst the following, the fissionable materials are U233 and Pu229
30. The control rods in the control system of nuclear reactors are used to
A. Absorb excess neutrons
B. Control fuel consumption
C. Control temperature
D. All of these
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Control rods are used in nuclear reactors to control the fission rate of uranium and plutonium. They are composed of chemical elements such as boron, silver, indium and cadmium that are capable of absorbing many neutrons without themselves fissioning
What are the 4 types of power plants?
The four types of power plants are:
Thermal power plants: These plants generate electricity by burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, or natural gas to produce steam that drives turbines. Thermal power plants are the most common type of power plant, but they contribute to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Hydroelectric power plants: These plants generate electricity by harnessing the power of moving water. Dams or other structures are built to trap water, which is then released through turbines to generate electricity.
Nuclear power plants: These plants generate electricity by harnessing the energy released by nuclear reactions. Uranium atoms are split in a process called fission, which produces heat that is used to generate steam and drive turbines. Nuclear power plants do not emit greenhouse gases but pose risks associated with radiation exposure.
Renewable energy power plants: These plants generate electricity using renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass. These sources are considered renewable because they are replenished naturally and do not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.
What is power plant in electrical engineering?
A power plant is a facility that generates electrical power from various sources of energy, such as coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, solar energy, wind energy, hydro energy, and others.
In electrical engineering, a power plant refers specifically to the equipment and systems used to generate, transmit, and distribute electrical power to end-users. The main components of a power plant include the generator, the turbine, the boiler or reactor, and the electrical transformers and transmission lines.
The generator is responsible for converting the mechanical energy from the turbine into electrical energy, which is then transmitted through electrical transformers to increase the voltage and reduce the current, making it easier and more efficient to transport over long distances. The transmission lines then transport the power to substations, where it is distributed to local power grids and eventually to homes, businesses, and other end-users.
Power plants are essential for meeting the growing demand for electricity in modern society and for powering industries, transportation, and other critical infrastructure. They play a crucial role in the electrical power industry and are critical to the reliable and continuous supply of electricity to consumers.
What is power plant in mechanical engineering?
In mechanical engineering, a power plant is a facility that generates electricity from a source of energy. This source of energy can be a fossil fuel such as coal, oil, or natural gas, or it can be a renewable resource such as wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, or biomass.
The main purpose of a power plant is to convert the energy from the source into electrical energy that can be used to power homes, businesses, and industries. The process of generating electricity in a power plant involves converting the energy from the source into mechanical energy, which is then converted into electrical energy by a generator.
Mechanical engineers are involved in the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of power plants. They work to ensure that the power plant operates efficiently and safely, and they are responsible for developing new technologies that can improve the performance and reliability of power plants. They also work to minimize the environmental impact of power plants by developing systems that reduce emissions and improve energy efficiency.
What is the topic of power plant engineering?
Power plant engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of power plants that generate electricity. This includes a wide range of power generation technologies such as fossil fuel power plants (e.g. coal, oil, and gas), nuclear power plants, hydroelectric power plants, wind power plants, solar power plants, and geothermal power plants. Power plant engineers are responsible for ensuring that these facilities are designed and operated safely, efficiently, and in compliance with relevant regulations and standards. This involves a variety of tasks such as developing and analyzing power plant layouts, selecting appropriate equipment, designing control systems, and troubleshooting operational issues.
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